栄養素の英語表記一覧表

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栄養素の英語表記一覧表
 

栄養素の英語をおぼえよう

35種類の栄養素を英語で一覧表にしました。あまり使うことがないかもしれませんが参考までに。各栄養素には説明のリンクを張り付けてあります。合わせてご利用ください。

 

栄養素の英語一覧

栄養素英語
エネルギーEnergy
タンパク質Protein
脂質Lipid
飽和脂肪酸Saturated fatty acids
n-6系脂肪酸n-6 fatty acid
n-3系脂肪酸n-3 fatty acids
炭水化物Carbohydrate
ビタミンAVitamin A
ビタミンDVitamin D
ビタミンEVitamin E
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ビタミンKVitamin K
ビタミンB1Vitamin B1
ビタミンB2Vitamin B2
ビタミンB6Vitamin B6
ビタミンB12Vitamin B12
ビタミンCVitamin C
ナイアシンNiacin
葉酸Folic acid
パントテン酸Pantothenic acid
ビオチンBiotin
ナトリウムSodium

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栄養素英語
カリウムPotassium
カルシウムCalcium
マグネシウムMagnesium
リンRin
iron
亜鉛Zinc
Copper
マンガンManganese
ヨウ素iodine
セレンSelenium
クロムChromium
モリブデンMolybdenum
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その他の英語単語

Energy (エネルギー)

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Characteristics of nutrients

  • In nutrition it expresses the power obtained from food
  • The unit expressing energy is cal (calorie)
  • International organizations use joule
  • 1000 cal = 1 kcal
  • 1 kcal = 4.18 joule
  • * 1 kcal is the energy required to increase 1 kg of water to 14.5 degrees to 15.5 degrees (1 degree)

 

Function of nutrients

  • Source to move the body
  • Make the brain function
  • Motive force to live
  • Lots of activity = Lots of energy consumption
  • The balance between activity level and energy is important
  • Energy is necessary to maintain life, such as moving organs even when resting
  • If you take more energy (carbohydrates or lipids) than the amount used in the activity amount, that amount is accumulated in the body

When nutrients are deficient

  • too skinny
  • Get tired easily
  • Declining thinking ability
  • Decreased exercise capacity

When nutrients overdose

  • obesity
  • Glycosuria

Food that contains a lot of energy

FoodstuffIngredient per 100g (kcal)
Lard941
Beef tallow940
Corn oil921
Sesame oil921
Oil of rapeseed921
Palm oil921
Olive oil921
Chili oil919
Beef rib loin fat831
Margarine778
Butter763
Pork loin fat754

Summary

  • Energy is an essential nutrient for living
  • It is important to take it in good balance
  • The amount ingested changes depending on gender, height, weight, and momentum
 

Dietary fiber(食物繊維)

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Characteristics of nutrients

  • It is classified as “insoluble dietary fiber” and “water soluble dietary fiber”
  • Insoluble dietary fiber = bowel movement promotion, intestinal action
  • Water soluble dietary fiber = Improvement of intestinal bacteria, suppression of blood pressure rise
  • The balance between insoluble and water soluble is 2: 1 the best
  • It does not become a constituent or energy constituting the body
  • Work to drain extra nutrition
  • Not digested and absorbed

Function of nutrients

  • It has the effect of promoting skin metabolism
  • To normalize the mucosa of the skin, throat, nose, gastrointestinal tract
  • Prevent diabetes, hypertension, night blindness
  • Stimulates intestinal mucosa and promotes laxation (constipation prevention)
  • It will drain extra lipid, sugar, sodium etc

When nutrients are deficient

  • constipation
  • Obesity, diabetes
  • Arteriosclerosis, hyperlipidemia, etc..

When nutrients overdose

  • There is no need to worry about taking too much with a normal meal
  • Very infrequently diarrhea
  • Prevent absorption of other nutrients (minerals)

Food that contains a lot of Dietary fiber

FoodstuffIngredient per 100g (g)
scallion20.7
Red pepper10.3
Green peas (frozen)9.3
Potato (with skin)9.8
Raw Shiitake6.4
jews-ear6.4
Shimeji6.2
Eringhi5.4
hijiki3.7
kuki-wakame5.1
tosaka-nori4.1
wakame3.6
 

Carbohydrate(炭水化物)

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Characteristics of nutrients

  • It is a generic term for carbohydrates and dietary fiber
  • Carbohydrates are digested and absorbed = carbohydrates
  • Those not digested and absorbed = dietary fiber
  • It will be 4 kcal of energy per gram of carbohydrate
  • Since it burns fast, as soon as it is absorbed by the body it becomes energy
  • When vitamin B1 is insufficient, it is hard to be absorbed

Function of nutrients

  • Become an energy source to move the brain and body
  • Only bone, red blood cells, nervous system, muscle, etc. will be energy source
  • Activate the brain

When nutrients are deficient

  • Become tired easily
  • Thinking ability declines
  • Muscles weaken
  • lose weight

When nutrients overdose

  • Extra carbohydrates are stored as body fat
  • It causes obesity, diabetes
  • Become hyperglycemic

Food that contains a lot of Carbohydrate

FoodstuffIngredient per 100g (g)
Granulated sugar100
crystal sugar100
Upper white sugar99.3
refined Japanese sugar99.0
soft brown sugar99.0
Brown sugar90.3
kudzu starch noodles87.7
Harusame87.5
starch syrup85.0
Dried grapes80.3
Rice Flour78.5
Sticky rice77.2

Summary

  • Generic name for dietary fiber and carbohydrate
  • Because it burns quickly, it becomes energy as soon as it is absorbed by the body
  • Become immediately energy with vitamin B1 and intake
  • Activate the brain
 

Lipid (脂質)

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Characteristics of nutrients

  • The highest calorie among the three major nutrients
  • It is becoming the energy source for moving the body
  • It has become a material of the body’s cell membrane and hormones
  • It helps absorption of fat soluble vitamins

 

Function of nutrients

  • Cell membranes, nerve tissues, components of nucleic acids
  • Helps to absorb fat-soluble vitamins

When nutrients are deficient

  • Get tired easily,too skinny,physical strength declines
  • Vessels and cell membranes weaken
  • Possibility of cerebral hemorrhage
  • The absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) deteriorates

When nutrients overdose

  • obesity
  • Diabetes, arteriosclerosis, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer
  • Causes of lifestyle-related diseases such as dyslipidemia (hyperlipemia)

Food that contains a lot of Lipid

FoodstuffIngredient per 100g (g)
Rape oil100
Lard100
Olive oil100
chili oil99.8
beef tallow99.8
Margarine (for home) soft type83.1
Salted butter81.0
Pork loin (fat)78.3
Beef rib loin (fat)78.0
Macadamia nuts (roasted)76.7
Mayonnaise (whole egg)76.0
bottom round (fat)75.4

Summary

  • There is no shortage if you eat a normal meal
  • There is a possibility of deficiency due to dietary restriction
  • It is used for energy, cell membranes, hormones, etc in the body
  • It is stored as body fat
  • Body fat = used as energy when energy shortage
  • It is difficult to absorb fat-soluble vitamins
  • A type of fatty acid (linoleic acid or α-linolenic acid) can not be made in the body
  • Be careful of taking too much of “invisible oil” contained in sweets, meat, fish etc
 

n-3 fatty acids(n-3系脂肪酸)

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Characteristics of nutrients

  • There are α-linolenic acid, DHA, EPA
  • DHA = docosahexaenoic acid
  • EPA = eicosapentaenoic acid
  • α linolenic acid is contained in vegetable oil
  • DHA, EPA are included in seafood
  • Because it is not synthesized in the body, ingest from a meal

 

Function of nutrients

  • Prevention of hypertension, cancer, etc.
  • Keep the brain working normally
  • Prevent blood clotting and thrombosis
  • Reduce bad cholesterol

When nutrients are deficient

  • There is no worry of deficiency
  • Children rarely have deficiency such as dermatitis

When nutrients overdose

  • In the range of daily intake, even if ingested more, there is no harmful effect
  • In rare cases, blood becomes difficult to coagulate, bleeding is difficult to stop

Food that contains a lot of n-3 fatty acids

FoodstuffIngredient per 100g (g)
Egoma oil58.31
Chia Seed19.43
Whale11.20
anglerfish  liver10.00
Walnut (roasted)8.96
Rapeseed oil7.52
Tuna  (raw)6.77
Atlantic mackerel (raw)6.56
Atlantic mackerel (boiled)6.13
Sujiko5.87
Sweetfish Internal organs5.80
Pacific saury(raw)5.59

Summary

  • It is classified as α linolenic acid, DHA, EPA
  • DHA = docosahexaenoic acid
  • EPA = eicosapentaenoic acid
  • α linolenic acid is a vegetable oil, DHA, EPA is contained in fish and shellfish
  • Not synthesized in the body